A graduate of the University of Warsaw, where for many years he lectured in the Department of Polish Culture History. Involved in "Solidarity" underground movement since 1980, since 1987 its leader on University of Warsaw and from march 1983 till 1989 editor in chief of underground weekly newspaper "Wola". Since 1989 a member of the national authorities of "Solidarity", in 1990 – chairman of the "Mazowsze" Region Managing Board. In 1991, the Minister of Labour and Social Policy, from 1992 to 1993 he held the position of the Secretary of State in the same ministry, where he was responsible, inter alia, for labor market policy. Member of Parliament of the first tenure. From 1998 to 2001, the chief advisor to the Minister of Labour and Social Policy. Key expert cooperating in shaping of the National Development Plan and the National Action Plan for 2007-2013. Since January 2008, the Secretary of State in the Prime Minister's Office. In 2009 appointed to the office of the Minister – a member of the Council of Ministers and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Council of Ministers. Since 2008 he was the Head of Strategic Advisors to the Prime Minister. The Minister of Administration and Digitization of Poland from 2011 till 2013. The host of the Congress of Freedom on the Internet, the organizer of the consultation on digital privacy and data protection, creator of the Governmental Operational Programme Digital Poland 2014-2020. Since 2014 the Member of the European Parliament active in LIBE and ITRE Committees. The member of Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly and the Vice-chair of the Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Cooperation Committee. The co-founder of the Intergroup Digital Agenda for Europe.
